Informed consent in research with older adults: practical applications and challenges

Abstract

The application of informed consent for the participation of older adults in research faces challenges
related to understanding, autonomy, and decision-making capacity. The aim of this study is to identify
ethical guidelines, common challenges, and recommended practices in the implementation and obtaining
of informed consent for research involving this population. A literature review was conducted on studies
published between 2019 and 2024 in international academic databases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were
applied, resulting in the selection of seven studies. The main challenges identified were the exclusion of older
adults with mild cognitive impairment, the lack of instruments to assess their capacity to consent, and the
inadequate presentation of information. Ethical guidelines emphasize equity, respect for autonomy, the use
of legal representatives, and the need to adapt consent materials. Considering the findings, it is essential to
promote regulations and sensitive practices to ensure accessible, ethical, and respectful informed consent.