Life and death in the ICU: ethics on the razor’s edge

Abstract

This article seeks to address some ethical issues experienced on the borders of life and death in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). These are special places in hospitals, where there is the mandatory presence of cutting-edge medical technology and support for the preservation of life of a patient in a critical condition or risk. It is in this complex context that difficult ethical issues emerge: there are no objective criteria for admissions to the ICU, ICUs can be overcrowded with patients without diagnosis and there are difficulties in limiting treatment, which results in medical procedures that only prolong the dying process of the patient. We analyzed a case of assisted suicide, the young American Brittany Maynard, the need for Palliative Care, the ethical duty to care
for pain and human suffering, the need to rediscover the paradigm of care, in search of an end to life without pain and suffering, and to avoid the practice of “medical futility”, which only prolongs the dying process and only imposes more suffering on the patient, family members and health care professionals.